賓語課件(匯編15篇)_賓語課件
發表時間:2024-03-25賓語課件(匯編15篇)。
? 賓語課件 ?
1 . TomisoneoftheboyswhoarefromtheUSA
2 . thebookthatyouborrowedfrommeyesterdayishelens,notmine
3 . AscanbeseenasIexpected
4 . Hisfatherdiedtheyear(that/when/inwhichhewasborn他父親在他出生那年逝世了。
5 . Whichofusthatknowssomethingaboutphysicsdoesn’tknowthis?
6 . Toshutyoureyestofacts,asmanyofyoudo,isfoolish
7 . ④先行詞被theonly,thevery,thelast,thesame等修飾時
8 . Thedoctor(whomyouarelookingforisintheroom
9 . Hewillgiveyousuchinformationaswillhelpyou
10 . 這就是我上周參觀過的那家工廠。
? 賓語課件 ?
1 . 今日一份壓歲錢,明日一個金寶貝。
2 . 十二一直以來,你為咱父子倆操碎了心,而有時我們還不怎么領情。如今想想,真是:老婆偉大,咱們該死。老婆大人,孩子他媽萬歲。
3 . 我可以在很痛的時候說沒關系我可以在難過的時候說無所謂
4 . 讓寶寶成為精寶貝。
5 . 今年不要壓歲錢,要要就要金寶貝。
6 . 一是誤認主語,造成主語殘缺,如:
7 . 看見你的毫不在意我笑著笑著就哭了。
8 . 自己感覺自己很美或者很帥,你敢不敢承認呀?
9 . 不論以后怎樣,母親在我心中總是唯一的,她那種無私的愛都是那樣的和藹可親。雖然平時對我們總是那么的嚴厲,但是從她的哺育之恩中,她那份威嚴在我心中更加雋永?,F在我們三兄弟都長大成人了,那種小時候生活都會在我心中藏住。難怪人們經常說世界上最簡單的愛,最純潔的`愛,最深的感情——那就是偉大的母愛。
10 . 接著老師叫了許多人上去抽來笑,讀了許多有趣的`句子。那些被讀到的個個都沒有一個好樣,個個都狼狽不堪,雖氣憤,但也無奈。因這些人是他們的朋友,只能用氣話來發發泄,個個表情氣憤,但心里卻沒有怒火。
? 賓語課件 ?
Strange to say, I don't really enjoy television.
說來奇怪,我不大喜歡看電視。
How can anyone enjoy the pressures of city life?
怎么會有人喜歡都市生活的壓力呢?
We thoroughly enjoyed our time in New York.
我們在紐約的'時間過得十分快活。
I didn't enjoy the film much.
我不大喜歡這部影片。
I enjoyed the play, particularly the second half.
我很欣賞那場比賽,特別是下半場。
The country is enjoying a period of peace and prosperity.
國家正值國泰民安、繁榮昌盛的時期。
? 賓語課件 ?
1 . HeliedtohismotherItmadeherveryangry
2 . HehastwosonsTheybothjoinedthearmythreeyearsago
3 . 我們相逢在陌生時,我們分手在熟悉后。明天,我們要到生活的星圖上找尋自己的新位置,讓我們用自己閃爍的星光相互問訊表情達意。
4 . 【—學習關于leave與forget的技巧】下文是關于leave與forget區別的具體介紹,供同學們學習參考。希望對同學們有幫助。
5 . 什么是母校,就是那個你一天罵他八遍卻不許別人罵的地方。
6 . Inourschool,thereisabiglibrary,wherewecanreadthebooks
7 . 我的媽媽長著一雙炯炯有神的眼睛,一頭烏黑的頭發中夾雜著幾根銀發,那也許是她勞累一生的見證。
8 . It happens that… 碰巧……
9 . Its a pity that you should have to leave 你非走不可真是件憾事。
10 . oh! my god my toothbrush was broken last sunday i couldnt brush my teeth so i went shopping with my mother there were so many tooth brushes
? 賓語課件 ?
tell造句雙賓語
1、Pleasetellmethetruth.
2、Pleasetellmeastory.=Pleasetellastorytome.請給我講個故事!
3、tellsbsth=tellsthtosb是“告訴某人某事”,例如,
4、Tellmeyourname,please!請告訴我你的名字!
5、我放棄了,把答案告訴我吧。
6、隨便造句就可以了,非常簡單的,這幾個都是自己編出來的。
7、Mymothertellthisthingstome
8、Ican'tpossiblytellyouthat!
9、我絕不會把那件事告訴你的!
10、Iwilltellyouastory.我會給你講個故事。
11、Hecan'ttellittohissister.
12、告訴我究竟發生了什么事。
13、Ihavetoldyouthepocess,butyouwasn'tlistenup。
14、Let'snottellherwhatwedid.
15、HetoldmethathewilltraveltoAmericawithhisparentsnextmonth.
16、他不能告訴他姐姐這件事。
17、Ourteathertellustofinishthisworkathome.老師讓我們在家完成這些作業。
18、Iwilltellyoutheexacttimetomorrowmorning,pleasewaitformymessagepaitently.
19、我的媽媽告訴我這件事
20、tell是動詞(告訴)沒有比較級
21、Ididn'ttellanyone,honestly!
22、Tellmewhatreallyhappened.
23、Whatdidshetellyou,anyway?
24、Igiveup—tellmetheanswer.=Igiveup—telltheanswertome.我放棄了,把答案告訴我吧。
25、她到底對你說了什么?
26、你是不是問tall(高的)啊?那個是taller
27、tell造句
28、Theteachertellsusastoryeveryday.
29、Itoldhimmyname.我把名字告訴了他。
30、我確實沒告訴過任何人!
tell造句雙賓語
31、咱們干的事可別告訴她。
32、Ican'tpossiblytellyouthat!=Ican'tpossiblytellthattoyou.我絕不會把那件事告訴你的!
33、Igiveup—tellmetheanswer.
34、Shetellsmethatshefeelstireed.
35、HesworebyJupiternottotellalieagain.
? 賓語課件 ?
1. 從句的主語如果是第一人稱,變為賓語從句則與主句的主語一致;如果是第二人稱,則與主句的賓語一致;如果是第三人稱,不用變化。如:
“May I use your knife?”He asked me. →He asked me if he might use my knife.
“Do you know her telephone number?”He asked me. →He asked me if I know her telephone number.
2. 賓語從句的標點均由主句決定。主句是陳述句,用句號;主句是疑問句,用問號。如:
Who will give us a talk?I don’t know. →I don’t know who will give us a talk.
Do you know?Where does he live?→Do you know where he lives?
? 賓語課件 ?
一、.引導詞
1.從句為陳述句,常選擇引導詞that,that引導賓語從句無意義,不充當句子成分常省略。例句:He told us (that) they would help us through the whole work.
2.從句為一般疑問句,常選擇引導詞if或whether,表示“是否”。在whether … or not結構中不能用if替換。例句:I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.
3.從句為特殊疑問句,常選擇what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑問代詞、副詞作引導詞。例句:He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.
二、判斷時態情況:
1.主句是一般現在時,從句可以為各種時態。
2.主句是一般過去時,從句要用相應過去時態。
注意:從句描繪客觀事實、真理、自然現象等,從句時態不受主句時態限制,仍用一般現在時。
例句:He answered that he was listening to me.
Father told me that practice makes perfect .
三、賓語從句的語序要用陳述句語序
陳述句語序,就是主語在前,謂語動詞在后。
錯誤: He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job.
正確: He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job.
注意:賓語從句的否定轉移
主句的謂語動詞是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主語是第一人稱而且為一般現在時,從句的否定詞一般要轉移到主句上來,其反義疑問句一般與賓語從句一致.例如; I don’t think he will come to my party.而不能說成I think he won’t come to my party.
常見考法
對于賓語從句的考查,多以單選的形式考查學生靈活運用的'能力。一般情況下,常從引導詞的選擇、時態的一致性及從句的陳述語序方面考查。
典型例題:Please tell me ______ last year.
A.where does your sister work B where did your sister work
C .where your sister works D where your sister worked
解析:本題考查對賓語從句的掌握。賓語從句要用陳述語序,所以排除A和B;last year表示過去時,所以排除C 。
答案:D
誤區提醒
賓語從句的語序要用陳述句語序,但要注意當疑問詞為主語時,句式為:疑問詞+謂語+其他,問句和陳述句語序一樣。
典型例題:I didn't know ?
A. What wrong was with her B.what was wrong with her
C .what wrong is with her D.what is wrong with her
解析:主句是一般過去時,從句要用相應過去時態,所以排除C和D;在what was wrong with her中,what作主語,所以問句本身又是陳述句語序,不用變化。
答案:B
? 賓語課件 ?
1 . 修飾表示人的先行詞例如:
2 . Whoisthemanthatisstandingthere?
3 . 先行詞被all,few,little,much,every,some,no等詞修飾或被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast等限定詞修飾時。例如:
4 . Afriendissomeonewhoknowsallaboutyouandstilllovesyou朋友就是這樣的人——他了解你的一切而仍然喜歡你。
5 . doyouthinkthepicturethatistakenbyjohnisgood?
6 . Thisisthemanwhohelpedme
7 . Theboywho//whomwesawyesterdayisJohn’sbrother
8 . 非限定性定語從句和主句的關系不十分密切,只是對先行詞作些附加的說明,如果去掉,主句的意思依然清楚這種從句和主句之間往往用逗號分開,一般不用that引導
9 . ThefirstEnglishnovelthatIreadwasATaleofTwoCities
10 . Thehouse(that//whichweliveinisnotlarge
? 賓語課件 ?
賓語補足語就是用來對賓語加以補充說明的文字,和賓語一起構成復合賓語.可做賓語補足語的通常有名詞,形容詞、副詞、不定式,分詞等.賓語和賓語補足語之間在邏輯上往往有主表、或者主謂的關系.Ifoundhimclever.clever就是賓補,和him有主表的關系,即我們可以說:Heisclever.Isawherplayingontheplayground.playing就是賓補,和賓語her有主謂邏輯關系,即我們可以說:Sheisplaying.
? 賓語課件 ?
1. 大多數及物動詞都可以帶賓語從句;
2. 1)從句為陳述句,常選擇引導詞that或將that省略,直接與主句相連
2)從句為一般疑問句,常選擇引導詞if或whether。
3)從句為特殊疑問句,常選擇what, when, where, which, who, how等的疑問代、副詞作引導詞
例1:
He told me (that) he would go to college the next year.
他告訴我他明年上大學。
例2:
I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.
我不知道是否還會有公交車。
3. 賓語從句必須用陳述語序。
4. 賓語從句的時態受主句的限制,主句是一般現在時態,從句根據實際情況而定。
主句是一般過去時態,從句用相應的過去的時態。
如果從句的動作發生在主句之前,則從句要用過去完成時態。
真題示例:
Some psychologists claim that people__________ (出門在外時可能會感到孤獨).
2. 主句為一般現在時,從句根據具體情況定,此處用一般現在時即可表達清楚
3. 感到孤獨:feel lonely ;出門在外:far away from home或travelling等可以。
答案:might feel lonely when they are far(away) from home 或might feel lonely when they are traveling (they are not in their hometown)
實戰演練:
1. I wonder __________ he is crying now.
2. Could you tell me how much __________ to fly to Hainan?
A. do it cost B. does it cost C. it cost D. it costs
3. That is the day __________I'll never forget.
A. which B. on which C. in which D. when
4. The poor young man is ready to accept __________ help he can get.
A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whenever
5. He spoke proudly of his part in the game, without mentioning ___________ his teammates had done.
A. what B. which C. why D. while
6. Please tell me __________.
A. what does he like B. what he does like
C. what he likes D. what he like
7. My sister told him _________.
A. what day was it B. when the train arrived
C. who she was waiting D. where did you live
8. Could you show me ___________?
A. how can I get to the station B. where is the station
C. how I could get to the station D. how I can reach the station
9. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows ___________.
A. it what to do with B. what to do it with
C. what to do with it D. to do what with it
10. Can you lend me the book ___________the other day?
A. about which you talked B. which you talked
C. about that you talked D. that you talked
翻譯演練:
1. He explains ______________(限制不再適合于他)because he’s over eighteen.
2. To our surprise, the report said ______________(設計失誤導致了悲劇).
3. Little did I know ______________(多少經驗能夠使我受益).
答案及解析:
1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. D 9.C 10. A
翻譯答案:
1. the restriction no longer applies to him
2. design faults lead to the tragedy
3. how much experience would benefit me
1. 賓語從句。
關系副詞why充當wonder的.賓語,that不能充當任何成分,其他關系副詞不符合句意。
2. 賓語從句中使用陳述語句,主句是一般現在時,從句也用一般現在時。
3. which是關系代詞,在從句中作forget的賓語。
其他幾個答案都不能作賓語。
4. 本題考查的引導詞引導賓語從句,同時作get的賓語。
B、D兩項在句中是作狀語的;由于沒有給出明確的指代物,故A項也不合適;答案為C。
5. 由句式結構可知mention后為賓語從句;do作實意動詞時為及物動詞,故空格處需要既能作do的賓語,又能引導賓語從句的連詞,答案為A。
6. 陳述語句中,從句用陳述語序。
7. 賓語從句中,從句用陳述語序,排除A、D;C選項中,who不能充當tell sb sth中的sth這一直接賓語的成分。
8. 賓語從句中,從句用陳述語序,從句和主句的時態需保持一致。
因此,選D。
9. “疑問詞+不定式”作及物動詞know的賓語,選項中it代替了the land,故正確答案為C。
10. “談到某事物”應說talk about sth.。
about是介詞,其后要用which作賓語,不能用that。
翻譯:
1. 所譯部分為explain的賓語從句,需要完整的句子,并且主干為一般現在時,從句中也應該為一般現在時。
“適用于”apply to。
apply for“申請”。
2. 賓語從句:所譯部分作整個句子的賓語從句,應該是一個完整的句子,并且主干為過去時,從句中的謂語動詞也應該用過去時;“導致”lead to:lead to sth. “導致某事”;“設計失誤”design fault。
3. 帶疑問詞的賓語從句。
所譯部分作賓語從句,需要一個完整的句子,并且此句含有疑問代詞how much;“使受益”benefit。
? 賓語課件 ?
that引導表示陳述句的'賓語從句,if和whether,whether...or not引導表示“是否”的一般疑問句的賓語從句。
連接代詞主要有who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等。
連接代詞一般指疑問,但what,whatever除了指疑問外,也可以指陳述。
連接副詞主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等。
? 賓語課件 ?
1 . 我要感謝我的母親,感謝他對我的愛。我的媽媽雖然對我這么嚴厲,但是也是一種對我的“愛”。而且媽媽平時還非常疼我關心我按戶我。只要我想買什么,她認為合理就會買給我。這也是一種母親對我的“愛”。所以,我感謝的是我的母親。
2 . 對于一個有一位好母親的男人來說,所有的女性都是神圣的。
3 . ⑷這時,全場所有人的眼睛都集中到大會主席臺上。
4 . 這個游戲讓人可以捧腹大笑,又知道句子組合的重要,這個游戲真不錯!
5 . 女生難過的時候,喜歡偽裝自己,笑著對別人說,我很好我很開心;
6 . 千金給寶貝,不如早早教出個金寶貝。
7 . 另一種情況是缺少賓語的中心語,如:
8 . 六看著媽媽日漸增多的白發,看著媽媽日益深刻的皺紋,看著媽媽漸漸彎曲的身軀,孩子心中有無盡的感激,但都匯成一句:媽媽!我愛您!
9 . 我的媽媽長著一雙炯炯有神的眼睛,一頭烏黑的頭發中夾雜著幾根銀發,那也許是她勞累一生的見證。
10 . 一份壓歲錢,造就更多金寶貝。
? 賓語課件 ?
教學過程
1、對上節課課后作業中的問題進行查漏補缺;
2、導入:
e.g. She is a beautiful girl.
She is a beautiful girl who drives me crazy.
1、定語從句:在復合句中,修飾某個名詞或代詞的句子(做這個名詞或代詞的
定語)叫定語從句,定語從句一般放在被修飾的名詞或代詞后面。
關系代詞的種類:
關系代詞:that, which, who, whom, whose, as
a、There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her.
b、 In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money.
c、Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.
d、Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story.
限定性定語從句:從句對先行詞進行必要的描述或說明,對先行詞起修飾限定作用,從句與先行詞緊密相連,缺少它則句義顯得不完整,一般不用逗號隔開。 非限定性定語從句:對先行詞進行補充說明,解釋,它與先行詞關系松散,用逗號隔開。
1、The man who gave me this book is Tom .(限定性)
2、Tom,who is reading a book ,is my classmate (非限定性)
1、who指人,在定語從句中作主語。
e.g. The man who is sitting under the tree is a German .
2、Whom指人,在句中做賓語,可省略,但在做介詞的賓語是只能用whom,不能用who。關系代詞前有介詞時不能省略。
e.g. I know the girl (whom) the teacher is speaking to .
I know the girl to whom the teacher is speaking .
e.g. Everyone heplps the child whose parents are dead.
Theyare the lazy students whose homework wasn’t handed in .
4、that 指人或物,多指物,作主語(不能省略)或賓語(可省略)
e.g. He is the finest comrade that has helped us .
This is a plant that grows in the north .
5、which ,指物,在句中做主語(不能省略),或賓語(可省略)。
e.g. This is a plant which grows in the north .
1、當先行詞是all, everything, anything, nothing, much, little, none, one等不定代詞時,只用that。
Pay attention to everything that I do.
2、當先行詞被序數詞或形容詞最高級修飾時,只用that。
This is the best novel (that)I have read.
3、如果出現兩個或兩個以上的先行詞,并同時兼指人和物時,關系代詞用that。 歌訣助記:兩項并列人與物,引導定從用that。
They were talking about the person and things that they remembered in school.
4、當先行詞被the only, the last, the way, the same等修飾時。
This is the last time that I shall give you a lesson.
5、在疑問詞which開頭的特殊疑問句中,為了避免重復只用that。
Which of the students that knows something about history.
6、當被修飾的成分是數詞時,(被修飾成分是代名詞one,指人時除外)只用that. I’ve got one that you might be interested in.
1、引導非限制性定語從句。
Football, which is an interesting game, is played all over the world.
全世界都踢足球,它是一項有趣的運動。
2、直接放在介詞后作賓語時(介詞+關系代詞結構中)。
Language is the most important tool without which people can't communicate with each other.語言是最重要的工具,沒有它,人們便無法交流。
(1)在定語從句中作狀語,先行詞主要為一些時間名詞(year ,day ,time,week等),但時間名詞在從句中作主語,賓語時,應用that,which,不能用when
e.g. I’ll never forget the time when (during which ) we worked on the farm.作狀語 I still remember the day that/which is his birthay.做主語
He regretted the days that /which he spent on play . 做賓語
(2)It is the first time that …句型中,that是習慣用法,不用when。
e.g. It is the first time that I have been to the Great Wall .
(1)指前面的地點,在從句中作狀語。
e.g. I know the factory where I worked twenty years ago .
(2)指地點,在句中作主語,賓語時不能用where,須用that/which .
e.g. This is the house where he has lived for 20 years (作狀語).
This is the house that he has lived in for 20 years .(作賓語)
e.g. This is the shool {in which /where we study every year.(作狀語)
This is the shool that /which we visited yesterday. (作賓語) .
“the reason why ….that…. ”中,不能用because 代替that .
e.g. That’s the reason why (for which ) he didn’t come to school .
The reason why he didn’t attend the meeting is that he was ill .
但reason 在從句中做賓語時,關系代詞用that/which ,可省略
e.g. I don’t believe the reason (which/that) he gave me .
當先行詞在定語從句中作介詞的賓語時,往往可以把介詞放在關系代詞之前,構成“介詞+關系代詞(whom/which)”結構。但一些短語如look after 等中的介詞不能與動詞分開,故不能放在關心代詞之前。確定介詞時:
一是,依據定語從句中動詞所需要的某種習慣搭配;
二是,依據先行詞的某種習慣搭配;
三是,根據所要表達的意思來確定。
e.g. That’s the reason why (for which ) he didn’t come to school .
關系代詞在非限定性定語從句中的用法。
指人做主語用who,作賓語用whom ,指地點用where,指時間when,指物只用which,不能用that,作定語用whose。
e.g. He didn’t see the film, which was very interesting .(不用that)
such ….as: 像….一樣的,像…..之類;the same…as: 和…..同樣的
在這兩個句型中,as是關系代詞,such和same 作定語,修飾主語里的某個名詞(或代詞),這個名詞是由as引導的定語從句的先行詞,as在從句中可擔任主語、賓語或表語。
Eg: We have found such materials as are used in their factory.( 在從句中作主語) I seldom give my students such a difficult problem as they cannot work out.(在從句中作賓語)
The result is not the same as they had expected.( 在從句中作賓語)
重點比較 :
the same …as…和 the same …that…
兩者都引導定語從句。as 從句中說明的名詞與the same 修飾的名詞是同一類,而非同一個。that從句中說明的名詞與the same 修飾的名詞是同一個。
Eg:He is reading the same book that you bought yesterday.
He is reading the same book as you bought yesterday.
This is the same pen that I lost. =This is the pen that I lost.(指同一支筆)
This is the same (kind/type/sort) of pen as I lost.(指同類型的筆,但并不是我丟失的那一支)
….such as …中的such為代詞,意思是“這樣的人或物”,as 在從句中作賓語,修飾先行詞such。
Eg: This book is not such as I expect.
He told me of his experience such as I had never had before.
相關鏈接:
such as 還有“諸如,例如,像…那樣的”的意思,此時后面跟名詞或名詞短語等。
Eg:They bought a lot of fruit, such as apples,oranges,etc.
as 可以像which一樣引導非限制性定語從句,用來代表整個句子的內容,它的先行詞可以是名詞,也可以是不定式短語或整個句子。as 在從句中作主語、賓語和表語。此外,有些as 引導的定語從句已成為固定用法,如:
As we know As has been said before 如上所述 As is known to all As is often the case 像通常那樣 As is reported As was expected 正如預料的`那樣 Eg: She is very careful, as her work shows.
As we know, smoking is harmful to one’s health.
As is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.
重點比較:as 和which 引導的非限制性定語從句的聯系和區別
1、as 和which 都可以代替整個句子,當定語從句置于主句之后時,as和which可以和互換。
Eg:He didn’t tell me any news, as/which upset me.
2、Which引導的從句,代表的前面的整個主句時,不能放在主句之前。而as 引導的定語從句,代表整個主句時,可以放在主句之前或之后,有時也可以放在主語和謂語之間。
Eg:As is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.
= Talks between the two countries, as is reported in the newspapers, are making progress.
As 引導的定語從句表示它的內容與主句所講的內容相似,即指同類事物;that 引導定語從句表示的內容與主句相同,即為同一事物。
e.g. This is the same pen that I lost yesterday .這正是我昨天丟的鋼筆。
This is the same pen as I lost yesterday .這正像我昨天丟的鋼筆。
1、同位語從句和定語從句結構相似,通常位于某一名詞或代詞之后,但兩者存在明顯區別:同為語從句對名詞性成分加以補充說明,是該名詞性成分具體內容的體現(相當于名詞的作用)。That 引導的同位語從句中引導詞that不在該同位語從句中充當成分,但不能被省略,同位語從句還可以用whether,how等連詞引導(定語從句則不能)。定語從句對先行詞加以限制或修飾,說明先行詞的性質或特征(相當于一個形容詞的作用),定語從句的引導詞均在該定語從句中充當成分(that在其引導的限定性定語從句中充當主語,賓語或表語,充當定語從句的賓語,that可以省略)注意體會一下三組例句。
① We can’t solve the problem how we can travel faster than light .我們解決不
了如何才能超過光的速度這個問題。
② I can’t remember the problem that they have.我記不得他們的問題了。
① I won’t believe the fact that he lied to his mother.我不愿相信他對他母親撒
② I won’t believe the fact (that) he told me .我不愿相信他告訴我的事實。
① The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him. 湯姆將出國的消息是他
講的。
The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.他告訴我的消息是湯姆來年將出國。
例題1.【全國卷I】The prize will go to the writer ________ story shows the most imagination.
A. that B. which C. whose D. what
【解析】C。句意為“獎項將會頒發給故事展示了豐富想象力的作者?!?根據從句不缺成分和它與先行詞的關系可判斷前后為所屬關系,選whose作定語。
例題2.〖10全國Ⅱ〗I refuse to accept the blame for something ________was someone else’s fault.
【解析】B。從句缺主語,先行詞為物。
例題3.【2011江蘇卷】Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _______the audience can buy ice-cream.
A. when B. where C. that D. which
【解析】A。從句不缺任何成分,且先行詞為時間。
例題4.〖08浙江〗Yesterday she sold her car, ______ she bought a month ago.
A. when B. where C. that D. which
【解析】D。從句缺賓語,且為非限制性定語從句。
例題5. (陜西)______ is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.
【解析】D。固定搭配“as is often the case”,像通常一樣。
例題6. (浙江卷)Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, _____, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society.
A. which B. who C. where D. whom
1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.
A. Which B. where C. what D. in which
2.Do you know the man _______?
A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke
3.This is the hotel _______last month.
A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed
C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed
4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded?
A. which B. that C. when D. on which
5.That is the day ______I'll never forget.
A. which B. on which C. in which D. when
6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.
A. where B. to which C. which D. in which
7.Great changes have taken place in the factory ____we are working since then.
A. where B. that C. which D. there
8.This is one of the best films _______.
A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown
C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked
9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day?
A. about which you talked B. which you talked
C. about that you talked D. that you talked
10.The pen ______he is writing is mine.
A.with which B.in which C.on which D.by which
本節課的知識點相對比較多但難度系數不大,主要是講定語從句的各個關系詞具體用法。主要從九個方面進行講解,詳細講解了定語從句中各個關系代詞、關系副詞的用法和區別。本部分的學習還是要求學生掌握關鍵詞,具體什么時候需要使用關系代詞或者關系副詞,什么叫做定語從句,希望學生能夠保持思路清晰,做題的時候十拿九穩。
1. Nearly all the streets are in straight lines, ________ from east to west. Those ________ run from north to south are called avenues.
A. running; that B. run; who C. running; who D. run; that
2. This is the case ________ he’s had all his money stolen.
A. when B. where C. that D. on which
3. Mr. Smith will pay a visit to Beijing this autumn, ________ we will enjoy the Olympic Games in .
A. where B. when C. which D. how
4. The artist will not paint people or animals but he will paint anything ________ .
A. that the little girl asks him B. the little girl asks him to
C. for the little girl to ask him D. what the little girl asks him
5. —How did you get in touch with the travel agent, Robin?
—Oh, that's easy. I surfed the Internet and then called one ________ the telephone number is provided.
A. which B. in which C. of which D. whose
6. October 15 th is my birthday, ________ I will never forget.
A. when B. that C. what D. which
7. The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point ________ he can walk correctly and safely.
A. when B. where C. which D. whose
8. There are several research centers in China ________ a certain disease called Bird Flu is being studied.
A. which B. where C. when D. what
9. I hope that the little ________ I have been able to do does good to them all.
A. which B. what C. that D. when
10. The time is not far away ________ modern communications will become widespread in China's vast countryside.
A. as B. when C. until D. before
這節課總體感覺課堂進程比較自然、順利,學生始終處在主動參與和積極配合的狀態中,達到了預期設想,體現了“學中用,用中學”的任務型語言教學理念。定語從句是中學英語教學的一個重要語法項目。學生在學習這一語法時,雖然感到困難很大,但理清語法知識點之后也覺得定語從句語法知識結構清晰并易于理解。希望學生課后能主動鞏固并復習,同時加強單詞記憶。
? 賓語課件 ?
在中學語文語法教學中,分析句子的成分教學占有相當重要的地位,而賓語和補語的區分是教學的難點之一,學生常常對“謂前為狀謂后補”和“謂語之后帶賓語”這兩句“竅門口訣”疑惑不解。雖然他們懂得前者是針對謂語中心詞和附加成份而言,后者是針對句子主干順序來說,但在實際操作中和分辨時還是常常感到困難。為此,我特意在教學過程中把這兩種成分進行了幾方面的對比,收到了良好的教學效果。
其一,細推敲兩種概念,從回答問題入手。
賓語是動詞中心語的支配對象,補語是對動詞、形容詞中心詞起補充說明作用的成份,根據這兩個不同的概念,我們知道賓語是動詞的連帶成分,它與動詞之間是被涉及與涉及的關系,回答的是“誰”或“什么”一類的問題;而補語是動詞或形容詞后邊的連帶成分,它與動詞、形容詞之間是補充和被補充,說明和被說明的關系,回答的“怎么樣”的問題。例如:(1)他打球。(2)他打〈輸〉了。例(1)中,“球”是“打”涉及的對象,回答“什么”的問題,所以是賓語:例(2)中“輸”是補充說明“打”的結果,回答的是“怎么樣”的問題,所以是補語。
從概念和回答不同問題兩個方面進行比較是區分賓語和補語的最基本方法。
其二,依詞性類別判定,細辨認數量結構。
用分辨詞性的辦法進行對比也是判定句子成份的方法之一。賓語作為動詞所涉及的對象,經常用名詞、代詞或其他名詞性短語來充當;而補語則經常用形容詞、動詞、介詞結構或其他動詞、形容詞性的詞語來充當。例如:(1)他看書。(2)他看〈完〉了。(3)他看什么?(4)他看得〈很認真〉。(5)他去新華書店。(6)他來〈自南方〉。以上(1)(3)(5)句子分別以名詞、代詞和名詞短語來充當賓語,而(2)(4)(6)句則以動詞、形容詞或介詞結構充當補語。
數量結構在句子中既可以充當賓語,也可以充當補語,這時我們就要從詞的意義上去區分。例如:他寫了三篇;他唱了〈三遍〉。前者中“三篇”指文章之類的東西,是以定語代替中心詞,故而是賓語;而后者中“三遍”是指唱的次數,是補充說明“唱”這個動詞的,故而是補語。又如:他浪費了三天,他休息了〈三天〉。以上兩個句子都出現了“三天”這個“數詞+時間名詞”的結構,“三天”后面顯然都省去了“時間”這個中心詞。這時我們要看謂語動詞能否跟省略去的“時間”一詞進行搭配。能搭配成為動賓結構的,說明動詞后面的是賓語;如果不能,則是補語。在前一句中“浪費”可與中心詞“時間”構成動賓關系,所以“三天時間”的`“三天”是定語代替中心詞充當賓語。在后一句中,“休息”雖然可與“時間”搭配,但構成了偏正關系,而不是動賓關系,不合句意,故而這里的“三天”是表示時段的補語。再如:他買了二米,線長〈二米〉。前者“二米”是“買”的對象,自然是賓語。后者“二米”是補充說明形容詞“長”的,形容詞具有不帶賓語的特點,故而這“二米”只能是補語。此外,非動作動詞“有、等于、變成”等后面所帶的數量結構都是這些詞所涉及的對象,所以不是補語,而是賓語。例如:我有十個;一個變成了二個;三個加三個等于六個。這些句子中的數量結構都是賓語。
其三,用“得”、“這”二字檢驗,從“順序”“結構”分析。
我們知道,結構助詞“得”是補語的標志。如:他笑得〈非常天真〉;這花香得〈很〉;他說得〈怎么樣〉?但是,如果“得”字不作為結構助詞而作為獨立詞素出現時,我們就不能混為一談。如:他懂得這事。你值得學習。他說得大家受不了。這些句子中“得”字與其它詞素結合而成一個不可分割的詞,故而不是補語的標志,它后面的成份是賓語。
用代詞“這”可以判定“個”字的賓語和補語?!皞€”字是最常見的量詞,通常用在名詞前頭。例如:(1)吃個西瓜。(2)吃個〈痛快〉。第(1)句中“西瓜”是“吃”對象,是賓語,且可以在“個”字前面加“這”字;第(2)句中“痛快”是補充說明“吃”的,不可能在“個”字前邊加“這”字。也就是說,通常情況下“個”字前邊能加“這”字的是賓語,否則即為補語。
一般說,動詞后邊同時有賓語或補語時,是補在前、賓在后,所以賓語和補語在動詞后的位置有時也可以做為判定依據。如:他打了〈三次〉球。我織〈成〉一件毛衣。但也有些情況卻恰恰相反,是賓在前、補在后。例(1),他每天上山〈兩趟〉。當補語是量詞結構時,這種順序較為常見。例(2):你拿杯水〈來〉吧!他撕〈下〉一張紙〈來〉。這兩個句子中前者補語是趨向動詞,置于賓語之后;后者補語是合成趨向動詞,兩個部份分別置于賓語前頭和后頭。有些介詞結構也可以放置在賓語之后作補語,如:這件事給人〈以巨大的鼓舞〉。
另外,有些形式相同的短語可以通過分析結構的方法來對比判定。例如:他跑〈下大堤〉。他摘下眼鏡。這兩個句子中都有帶“下”字的詞組,前一句“下”與“大堤”構成動賓關系,做“跑”的補語,補充說明跑的結果是下了大堤,而不是“大堤”被“跑下”;后一句的“下”與“摘”搭配成詞,做謂語,“眼鏡”做“摘下”一詞的賓語“眼鏡”是被“摘下”;再如:我希望去一次;我去〈一次〉。這兩個句子中也都有形式相同的“去一次”,但根據結構分析,它在句子中充當的成份顯然不同。
總之,雖然賓語和補語有難以分辨的一面,但只要我們在教學過程中認真對待,多做對比、總結,經過反復訓練,總還是能夠達到預期目的的。
? 賓語課件 ?
It 代替動名詞短語時:
We thought it no use doing that.
我們認為那樣做無濟于事。
Our teacher thinks it no good learning without practice.
我們的老師認識光學不實踐是沒有好處的。
It 代替賓語從句時:
I think it very important that we take part in the discussion.
Didn't I make it clear to you that I was not coming?
我不是向你明確表示過我不來了嗎?
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我們精彩推薦賓語課件專題,靜候訪問專題:賓語課件
